基于GPRS-GPS的有效定位系統(tǒng)英文文獻(xiàn)

I. INTRODUCTION

A good number of tracking systems had so far been developed with a wide range of tracking facilities ［1］–［6］。 But the operation cost of most of these systems is higher which prevents from widespread use. On the other hand， the rate of car theft， asset theft， child kidnapping in many countries are increasing at a higher rate ［7］。 The objective of this research is to reduce the cost of the tracking system using the latest technologies and making it available to the common people.

Khondker Shajadul Hasan is with the Department of Computer Science & Eng. at North South University， Dhaka， Bangladesh （phone： 8802-9885611， ext-219; fax： 8802-8823030; e-mail： shajadul@northsouth.edu）。

Mashiur Rahman is with the Department of CSE at North South

University， Dhaka， Bangladesh （e-mail： mashiur.rahman@ieee.org）。

Abul L.Haque is with the Department of Computer Science & Eng. at North South University， Dhaka， Bangladesh. He is now the Chairman of the Department （e-mail： ahaque@northsouth.edu）。

M Abdur Rahman， Tanzil Rahman and M Mahbubur Rasheed are with the Department of Computer Science & Eng. at North South University， Dhaka， Bangladesh （e-mail： rubel100@gamil.com， tr_shuvo@yahoo.com， mmrasheed@gmail.com）。

Automatic Vehicle Location （AVL） system was discussed in details by Al-Bayari and Sadoun that works under GIS environment ［1］。 However a complete FPGA implementation of the vehicle position tracking system using short message services （SMS） was reported by Hapsari ［2］。 Xiaobo Fan et.al. discussed the design and implementation of a mobile object management system that makes use of the existing GSM networks and its extension GPRS for data communication ［3］。 Hsiao and Chang developed analytical model to analyze the optimal location update strategy with the objective of minimum total cost ［4］。 Tamil et. al. did similar works compared with ours but used the SMS for the communication ［5］。 A more recent work by Nishikanta Pati on video surveillance and tracking of moving civilian vehicle added new dimension to the development of the tracking systems ［6］。

Our research has been focused on the reduction of overall cost of tracking and to do so we have used NAVSTAR-GPS， a satellite based service developed and provided by United States Department of Defense. Global Positioning System （GPS） is a 24-hour world wide service. It provides accurate， three-dimensional information of the location as well as precision velocities and timing services. It is accessible to an unlimited number of global military， civilian and commercial users ［8］。 The service is free of cost to everybody. Google Map is used for mapping the location. The tracking device